On a sunny day, we have visited Anitkabir ⭐⭐⭐, the mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk who is the father of Turks. To understand why Mustafa Kemal Atatürk is so respected by Turks, we need to study the history of Turkish War of Independence and Kemalism (see the sections at the end of article).
Photo Gallery
The below photos were taken on 03/25/2023.
Views from the Ceremonial Plaza
Hall of Honor
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| Ceiling inlaid with gold mosaics |
Views from Anitkabir's Grand Stairs
Road of Lions
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| Turkish Men sculpture, located at the entrance of the Road of Lions The two women at the sides are holding a large wreath reaching to the ground. This wreath, made up of grain sheafs, represents the abundant country. The woman on the left with a cup in her stretched-out hand is asking for God's compassion for Atatürk, and the woman in the middle, covering her face with her hand, is crying. |
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| Turkish Men sculpture The man at the right with a helmet and coat represents a Turkish soldier; on the left with a book in his hand is a Turkish youth and intellectual; behind both of these, in village clothing, is a Turkish peasant. |
Turkish War of Independence
The Turkish War of Independence (19 May 1919 – 24 July 1923) was a series of military campaigns waged by the Turkish National Movement after parts of the Ottoman Empire were occupied and partitioned following its defeat in World War I.
These campaigns were directed against Greece in the west, Armenia in the east, France in the south, loyalists and separatists in various provinces, and British and Ottoman troops around Constantinople (Istanbul).
The series of military campaigns is attributed to Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, as he was the primary spokesperson, public figure, and military leader of the movement.
After the establishment of the movement and the successful Turkish War of Independence, the revolutionaries abolished the Ottoman sultanate on November 1, 1922, and proclaimed the Republic of Turkey on October 29, 1923.
Kemalism
Kemalism was implemented by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk after the declaration of Republic in 1923, was defined by sweeping political, social, cultural and religious reforms designed to separate the new Turkish state from its Ottoman predecessor and embrace a Western-style modernized lifestyle:
Kemalism is a modernization philosophy that guided the transition between the multi-religious, multi-ethnic Ottoman Empire to the secular, democratic, and unitary Republic of Turkey. Kemalism sets the boundaries of the social process in the Turkish Reformation.
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk made primary education free and compulsory, opening thousands of new schools all over the country. He also introduced the Latin-based Turkish alphabet, replacing the old Ottoman Turkish alphabet. Turkish women received equal civil and political rights during Atatürk's presidency.
Changing of the Guard at Anıtkabir (YouTube link)
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